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About DNS records :
What are DNS records ?
DNS (Domain Name System) are servers allowing to "convert" a domain name (any hostname) into its IP address. Concretely, when you type a domain address (url) into your browser, the address will be translated into an IP address that to which you're going to send a request.
DNS provides a decentralized database allowing hostname resolution. For that, DNS acts step by step. It starts with what is called the root, which is represented by a dot (.). You may have seen when querying a DNS using for instance dig command, that the domain name you enter is represented in the results with a dot at the end. That's the root. When you query a DNS for domain name resolution, it will first start to query the root servers, the server list that can answer for the next sub-domain.
Let's take the example of md5decrypt.net.
This domain is made of the root on the right (.), then from what we call the TLD (Top Level Domain). We're asking a root server the server list that can answer for the TLD "net". The TLD "net", as "org" and "com", is a generic domain (gTLD), unlike national domains like "co.uk", "us", "au", etc, that are ccTLD (country code TLD).
Once we have a server for the TLD, we're asking him which server answers for md5decrypt.net zone. This last serveur will then answer and give on or several IP address that resolves to the domain name.
The domain name resolutions are kept for a time, to improve performance on next query, it's cached. The caching time depends on the TTL (Time To Live), that you can find on each line of the array if you query on this page. To avoid a lack of resolution due to server being down, the database is decentralized. Therefore several servers are able to resolve a domain name. For a domain, there's usually one primary server, and one or several secondary servers, corresponding to the authoritative servers (you can choose on this page to query these specific servers). the other available servers, for instance on this page Google DNS, Clouflare, etc, are public DNS. They do not have the authority because their caching may prevent you to check for latest updates on DNS records.
What are the main DNS records ?
NS Record
NS record allows to check the servers that handles the TLD sub-domain. For instance, in the TLD "net", we are going to ask which servers are responsible for the md5decrypt zone or subdomain. The servers returned by a NS record has to be authoritative.
A Record
The A record is one of the most used among DNS records. It allows to convert a domain name into its IPv4 address. IPv4 address are the "old" ip addresses, that are on 4 bytes. Often you will find more than one IPv4 address for a domain name if the hosting is mutualized.
AAAA Record
Just as A record, AAAA resolves the IP address of a domain name. But unlike the former, AAAA shows the IPv6 address, the newest IP protocol that is coded on 16 bytes. The name AAAA simply comes from the fact that AAAA is coded on four times more bytes than A records.
PTR Record
PTR record is the opposite of A or AAAA records. Basically, it converts an IP address to a domain name. You can use our
reverse dns tool
for instance.
SOA Record
The SOA Record allows to verify the master server of a hostname or domain name. As its name states (Start Of Authority), it shows the authoritative server on the corresponding DNS zone. It also shows a technical email contact address.
MX Record
MX records allows you to check the servers that handles in and out emails for a domain name. For instance, let's say we could have several email accounts for md5decrypt.net zone, such as contact@md5decrypt.net, admin@md5decrypt.net, etc. When you send an email to an address like these ones, you need need a server to receive the email and reroute them to the right user (contact, admin, etc). The MX records then contains these servers name. Usually there's several servers that handles this tasks, so that a down server won't prevent an email to arrive to destination. The priority order between these servers is decided by the priority number you can find on the array. The emails are first routed to the server with the lowest priority number.
CNAME Record
CNAME record, for Canonical Name, allows to create an alias for a domain name. The CNAME is often used to bind a sub-domain to the domain that hosts it. For instance the sub-domain www for www.md5decrypt.net is an alias for md5decrypt.net.
TXT Record
TXT record allows an administrator to associate text, for various reasons, with a domain name or hostname. This text is not destined to be seen by users. For instance Google uses this record to verify the ownership of a domain when you use services such as search console.
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